India’s Ascendance – A Global Space Power

India has rapidly grown as a leading space power over the past two decades through the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and an expanding private sector. With plans to increase its share of the global space economy to $47.3 billion by 2032, India is opening new opportunities by allowing 100% foreign direct investment in satellite manufacturing and easing regulations for launch vehicles. ISRO produces most of its core space components in-house, but also collaborates with private companies like Skyroot Aerospace and Agnikul Cosmos for small launch vehicle development, and relies on international partners for advanced solar panels and scientific instruments. Challenges hindering deeper international cooperation include differences in space budgets, strategic priorities, the divide between commercial and government-led space initiatives, and limited data sharing. This paper examines India’s space program in the global context, as well as identifying key areas where Australia can engage with India, such as satellite technology, space situational awareness, space science missions, human spaceflight, and commercial ventures. Joint efforts could address shared challenges like climate monitoring, space debris management, and space infrastructure development while fostering innovation in both nations' growing space industries. By leveraging each other's strengths, India and Australia can improve their roles in the global space economy, establishing both as vital contributors to future space exploration and technological advancement.